ANNOTATED 3D MODEL COLLECTION
Chapter 1
Cell Biology
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| The Celll Theory |
| Unicellular Eukaryotes |
| Unicellular Eukaryotes |
| Cell Sizes |
| Mutlicellularity |
| Stem Cells and Differentiation |
| Types of Stem Cells |
| Using Stem Cells to Treat Disease |
| Comparing Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells |
| History of Microscopy |
| Prokaryotic Cell Structure |
| Prokaryotic Cell Structure |
| Prokayotic Cell Structure |
| Binary Fission in Prokaryotes |
| Plant Cells |
| Animal Cells |
| Identifying Structures in an Animal Cell |
| Identifying Structures in a Plant Cell |
| The Structure of Membranes |
| The Structure of Membranes |
| Diffusion |
| Diffusion |
| Osmosis |
| Active Transport |
| Ion Pumps |
| Exocytosis and Endocytosis |
| Active and Passive Transport Summary |
| Investigating the Origin of Life |
| The First Cells |
| The First Cells |
| The First Cells |
| The Origin of Eukaryotes |
| The Common Ancestry of Life |
| The Common Ancestry of Life |
| Mitosis and the Cell Cycle |
| Mitosis and the Cell Cycle |
| Regulation of the Cell Cycle |
| Regulation of the Cell Cycle |
| Cancer: Cells out of Control |
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Chapter 2
Molecular Biology
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| Organic Molecules |
| Water |
| Water |
| The Properties of Water |
| Sugars |
| Sugars |
| Condensation and Hydrolysis of Sugars |
| Polysaccharides |
| Starch and Cellulose |
| Starch and Cellulose |
| Starch and Cellulose |
| Lipids |
| Lipids |
| Lipids |
| Lipids and Health |
| Amino Acids |
| Amino Acids |
| Proteins |
| Proteins |
| Proteins |
| The Role of Proteins |
| Enzymes |
| Enzyme Reaction Rates |
| Investigating Catalase Activity |
| Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids |
| DNA Replication |
| DNA Replication |
| Meselson and Stahl's Experiment |
| Genes to Proteins |
| Transcription and Translation |
| Transcription and Translation |
| Transcription and Translation |
| The Role of ATP in Cells |
| Cell Respiration |
| Cell Respiration |
| Anaerobic Metabolism |
| Anaerobic Metabolism |
| Investigating Alcoholic Fermentation in Yeast |
| Photosynthesis |
| Pigments and Light Absorption |
| Factors Affecting Photosynthetic Rate |
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Chapter 3
Genetics
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| Changes to the DNA Sequence |
| Changes to the DNA Sequence |
| Changes to the DNA Sequence |
| Mutagens and Variation |
| Genetic Diseases Caused by Mutations |
| The Sickle Cell Mutation |
| Genomes |
| Genomes |
| Prokaryotic Chromosome Structure |
| Eukaryotic Chromosome Structure |
| Eukaryotic Chromosome Structure |
| Eukaryotic Chromosome Structure |
| Meiosis |
| Meiosis |
| Meiosis |
| Modeling Meiosis |
| Karyotypes |
| Karyotypes |
| Human Karyotype Exercise |
| The Human Genome Project |
| Mendel's Pea Plant Experiments |
| Mendel's Laws of Inheritance |
| Mendel's Laws of Inheritance |
| Mendel's Laws of Inheritance |
| Basic Genetic Crosses |
| The Test Cross |
| The Test Cross |
| Monohybrid Cross |
| Codominance |
| Codominance |
| Multiple Allele Systems |
| Sex Linkage |
| Sex Linkage |
| Pedigree Analysis |
| Pedigree Analysis |
| Pedigree Analysis |
| Polymerase Chain Reaction |
| Polymerase Chain Reaction |
| Gel Electrophoresis |
| Gel Electrophoresis |
| DNA Profiling Using PCR |
| DNA Profiling Using PCR |
| Forensic Applications of DNA Profiling |
| Forensic Applications of DNA Profiling |
| Making Recombinant DNA |
| Making Recombinant DNA |
| In vivo Gene Cloning |
| In vivo Gene Cloning |
| Using Recombinant Bacteria |
| Using Recombinant Bacteria |
| Golden Rice |
| Golden Rice |
| Production of Insulin |
| Production of Insulin |
| Food for the Masses |
| The Ethics of GMO Technology |
| Natural Clones |
| Cloning by Embryo Splitting |
| Cloning by Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer |
| Cloning by Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer |
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Chapter 4
Ecology
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| Components of an Ecosystem |
| Components of an Ecosystem |
| Components of an Ecosystem |
| The Stability of Ecosystems |
| The Stability of Ecosystems |
| The Stability of Ecosystems |
| The Stability of Ecosystems |
| Quadrats |
| Food Chains |
| Food Chains |
| Food Webs |
| Food Webs |
| Food Webs |
| Food Webs |
| Constructing a Food Web |
| Constructing a Food Web |
| Constructing a Food Web |
| Nutrient Cycles |
| Nutrient Cycles |
| The Carbon Cycle |
| The Greenhouse Effect |
| The Greenhouse Effect |
| Global Warming |
| Global Warming and Effects of Biodiversity |
| Global Warming and the Arctic |
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Chapter 5
Evolution and Biodiversity
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| The Fossil Record |
| The Fossil Record |
| Selection and Population Change |
| Homologous Structures |
| Patterns in Evolution |
| Natural Selection |
| Adaptation |
| Industrial Melanism |
| The Evolution of Antibiotic Resistance |
| The Evolution of Antibiotic Resistance |
| Investigating Evolution
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| The New Tree of Life |
| Classification System |
| Features of Animal Taxa |
| Classification Keys |
| Keying Out Plant Species |
| Cladograms and Phylogenetic Trees |
| Cladistics |
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Chapter 6
Human Physiology
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| The Role of the Digestive System |
| Moving Food Through the Gut |
| Moving Food Through the Gut |
| The Stomach |
| The Small Intestine |
| The Small Intestine |
| The Large Intestine, Rectum, and Anus |
| Digestion, Absorption and Transport |
| Digestion, Absorption and Transport |
| Digestion, Absorption and Transport |
| The Digestive Role of the Liver |
| Blood Vessels |
| Capillary Networks |
| The Heart |
| The Heart |
| Control of Heart Activity |
| The Cardiac Cycle |
| The Cardiac Cycle |
| The Cardiac Cycle |
| Dissection of a Mammalian Heart |
| Coronary Occlusions |
| Coronary Occlusions |
| The Body's Defences |
| Blood Clotting and Defence |
| The Action of Phagocytes |
| Inflammation |
| Antibiotics |
| Viral Diseases |
| HIV and AIDS |
| The Gas Exchange System |
| The Gas Exchange System |
| Breathing |
| Breathing |
| Measuring Lung Function |
| Smoking and Lung Cancer |
| Emphysema |
| Emphysema |
| Nervous Regulatory Systems |
| Neuron Structure and Function |
| The Nerve Impulse |
| Chemical Synapses |
| Chemical Synapses |
| Chemical Synapses |
| Chemical Imbalances in the Brain |
| Chemical Imbalances in the Brain |
| Hormonal Regulatory Systems |
| Principles of Homeostasis |
| Control of Blood Glucose |
| Diabetes Mellitus |
| The Male Reproductive System |
| The Female Reproductive System |
| The Menstrual Cycle |
| The Menstrual Cycle |
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Chapter 7
Nucleic Acids
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| Packing DNA in the Nucleus |
| Packing DNA in the Nucleus |
| Packing DNA in the Nucleus |
| DNA Molecues |
| DNA Molecues |
| DNA Carries the Code |
| Enzyme Control of DNA Replication |
| Transcription |
| Post Transcriptional Modification |
| Controlling Gene Expression |
| Controlling Gene Expression |
| Controlling Gene Expression |
| DNA Methylation |
| Translation |
| Proteins |
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Chapter 8
Cellular Metabolism
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| Metabolic Pathways |
| How Enzymes Work |
| How Enzymes Work |
| Enzyme inhibition |
| Enzyme inhibition |
| Control of Metabolic Pathways |
| Control of Metabolic Pathways |
| Control of Metabolic Pathways |
| The Biochemistry of Respiration |
| The Biochemistry of Respiration |
| The Biochemistry of Respiration |
| Chemiosmosis |
| Chemiosmosis |
| Light Dependent Reactions |
| Light Dependent Reactions |
| Light Dependent Reactions |
| Light Independent Reactions |
| Experimental Investiagtion of Photosynthesis |
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Chapter 9
Plant Biology
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| The General Structure of Plants |
| Uptake in the Root |
| Uptake in the Root |
| Transpiration |
| Xylem |
| Adaptations for Water Conservation |
| Adaptations for Water Conservation |
| Translocation |
| Translocation |
| Phloem |
| Plant Meristems |
| Plant Meristems |
| Auxins and Shoot Growth |
| Auxins and Shoot Growth |
| Micropropagation of Plant Tissue |
| Insect Pollinated Flowers |
| Insect Pollinated Flowers |
| Pollination and Fertilization |
| Seed Dispersal |
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Chapter 10
Genetics and Evolution
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| Meiosis and Variation |
| Meiosis and Variation |
| Crossing Over |
| Crossing Over |
| Variation |
| Dihybrid Cross |
| Inheritance of Linked Genes |
| Inheritance of Linked Genes |
| Recombination and Dihybrid Inheritance
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| Recombination and Dihybrid Inheritance |
| Using Chi Squared Test in Genetics |
| Chi Squared Exercise in Genetics |
| Polygenes |
| Polygenes |
| Natural Selection |
| Natural Selection
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| Natural Selection |
| Selection for Human Skin Color |
| Disruptive Selection in Darwin's Finches |
| How Species Form |
| How Species Form |
| How Species Form |
| Comparing Isolated Populations |
| The Rate of Evolutionary Change |
| Polyploidy and Evolution |
| Polyploidy and Evolution |
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Chapter 11
Animal Physiology
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| The Immune System |
| Clonal Selection |
| Antibodies |
| Blood Group Antigens |
| Allergies and Hypersensitivity |
| Acquired Immunity |
| Acquired Immunity |
| Vaccines and Vaccination |
| Vaccines and Vaccination |
| Epidemiology |
| Monoclonal Antibodies |
| Monoclonal Antibodies |
| Skeletons and Movement |
| Movement About Joints |
| Antagonistic Muscles |
| Skeletal Muscle Structure and Function |
| The Sliding Filament Theory |
| The Sliding Filament Theory |
| Osmoregulation and Excretion |
| Water Budget in Humans |
| Kidney Structure |
| Kidney Function |
| Kidney Function |
| The Kidney's Role in Water Conservation
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| Control of Urine Output |
| Diagnostic Urinalysis |
| Kidney Dialysis |
| Spermatogenesis |
| Spermatogenesis |
| Oogenesis |
| Oogenesis |
| Fertilization and Early Growth |
| The Placenta |
| The Placenta |
| The Hormones of Pregnancy |
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Workbook
Page 31 - Activity 50
Question 4 should more clearly read:
4. Identify which of the solutions are hypotonic and which are hypertonic.
Page 95 - Genetics
3.2 Chromosomes
4 should have an activity reference to 81
Page 167 - Chi-Squared Exercise in Ecology
Should be coded for SKILL
Page 310 - Activity 225
Control of Metabolic Pathways
Diagram of pathway: threonine deaminase
Page 347 - Activity 253
Seed Structure and Germination
Pointers for the diagram labels for monocot seed have been slightly displaced. See page 42 of the model answers book for correction.
Page 440 - Activity 322 (introductory paragraph):
Bar charts (for categorical data). Histograms should not have been included here. Apologies for any confusion.
Page 442 - Activity 323
Descriptive Statistics
Diagram: Case study: Fern reproduction. Calculation to right identifies the MEAN not the median.
Model answers
Page 7
43. Polysacchardies (page 56)
Clarification of answer to question 2. While the information given is correct, it not answering the question properly, which did not require reference to structural differences. We apologise for the confusion. The corrected answer is given below:
Glycogen is a highly branched glucose polymer. Its branching makes it compact and easily hydrolysed to provide glucose for cellular fuel. Glycogen's properties allow it to be metabolized quickly, which suits the active lives of animals. Starch is a mix of branched and unbranched chains of glucose, which makes it powdery and less compact than glycogen. It is insoluble in cold water, but relatively easy to hydrolyse to soluble sugars, making it a good storage molecule for plants. Cellulose is a linear glucose polymer and is strong and insoluble, which makes it well suited to its role in providing strength and support to plant cells.
Page 21 - Activity 116 Components of an Ecosystem (page 160)
Q2. …non-living part of the ecosystem
Page 31
174. Review of the Heart (page 244)
Q1(1) Should be Right atrium. Label line indicates point of entry of vena cava to the right atrium but description indicates right atrium. Apologies for the error.
Page 278 - Activity 200
Answer to Q3 should be Humoral (not hormonal)
Activity 3: Surface Area and Volume (page 7)
Page 1 Q6: A cell measuring 1x1x1 cm will have a SA of 6 cm squared and will have a surface area of 48 square cm (not 42). Apologies for the error.
The Teacher's Digital Edition is correct.